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In other words, it's a gamble. .

The difficulty level of the most recent block at the time of writing is about 7,184,404,942,701. In other words, the chance of a pc producing a hash beneath the target is 1 in 7,184,404,942,701 less than 1 in 7 trillion. That level is corrected every 2016 blocks, or about every 2 weeks, with the goal of keeping rates of mining constant.

The reverse is also true. If computational power has been taken off of the network, the problem adjusts downward to make mining simpler. .

"Say I tell three friends I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a piece of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't have to guess the specific number, they just have to be the very first person to figure any number that's less than or equal to the number I'm thinking of.

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"Let us say I am thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21they shed because 21>19. If Friend B supposes 16 and Friend C guesses 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at viable answers, because 16<19 and 12<19. There is no'extra credit' for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the goal answer of 19. .

"Now imagine I present the'imagine what number I'm thinking of' question, but I'm not asking just three friends, and I am not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Rather, I am asking millions of prospective miners and I am thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it is going to be extremely hard to guess the ideal answer." .

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If 1 in 7 trillion doesn't sound hard enough as is, here's the catch to the catch. Not only do bitcoin miners have to think of the right hash, they also have to be the first to do it.

Because bitcoin mining is essentially guesswork, arriving at the right answer before another miner has everything to do with how fast your computer can produce hashes. Just a decade ago, bitcoin miners can be performed competitively on normal desktop computers. Over time, however, miners recognized that graphics cards commonly moved here used for video games tend to be more effective at mining than desktops and graphics processing units (GPU) came to dominate the match.

These can run from $500 to the tens of thousands. .

Nowadays, bitcoin mining is so competitive it can only be done profitably with all the most up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or elderly models of ASICs, the cost of energy consumption actually exceeds the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit available, one pc is rarely enough to compete with what what miners call"mining pools" .

A mining pool is a group of miners who combine their computing power and divide the mined bitcoin between participants. A disproportionately large number of blocks are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. In July 2017, mining pools Top Cloud Mining and companies represented roughly 80% to 90% of bitcoin computing power. .

Between 1 in 7 trillion chances, scaling difficulty levels, and also the huge network of users verifying transactions, one block of transactions is confirmed roughly every 10 minutes. However, its important you can try this out to remember that 10 minutes is a target, not a rule.

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The bitcoin network can process about seven transactions per second, with transactions being logged in the blockchain every 10 minutes. Since the network of bitcoin consumers continues to grow, however, the number of transactions made in 10 minutes will eventually exceed the number of transactions that can be processed in 10 minutes.

This dilemma at the heart of the bitcoin protocol is known as scaling. Even though bitcoin miners generally agree that something must be done in order to deal with scaling, there is less consensus about how can it. At the time of writing, there are two major solutions to the scaling problem, either (1) to decrease the amount of data needed to verify each block or (2) to increase the number of transactions that every block can store.

Solution 2 will cope with scaling by allowing for more information to be processed every 10 minutes. .

In July 2017, bitcoin miners and mining companies representing roughly 80% to 90 percent of the networks computing electricity voted to incorporate a program that would decrease the amount of information needed to verify each block. In other words, they went with Solution 1.

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The program that miners voted to increase the bitcoin protocol is known as a segregated witness, or SegWit. This term is an amalgamation of Segregated, meaning to separate, and Witness, which describes signatures on a bitcoin transaction. Segregated Witness, then, means to separate transaction signatures out of a block and join them within an extended block.